Pharmacology and Ethnopharmacology

Biography

Biography: Jayesh R Parmar

Abstract

The purpose of this report is to present a review of the medical uses, efficacy, and adverse effects of the three approved cannabis-based medications and ingested marijuana. Literature were reviewed, analyzed, and organized to identify the strength of evidence in medical use, efficacy, and adverse effects of the approved cannabis-based medications and medical marijuana. Dronabinol’s (Marinol) most common medical uses include weight gain, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), and neuropathic pain. Nabiximol’s (Sativex) common medical uses include spasticity in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuropathic pain. Nabilone’s (Cesamet) common medical uses include CINV and neuropathic pain. Smoked marijuana’s common medical uses include neuropathic pain and glaulegacoma. Orally ingested marijuana’s common medical uses include improving sleep, reducing neuropathic pain, and seizure control in MS. The reported adverse effects cannabis-based medications and marijuana show a major trend in Central Nervous System (CNS) related adverse effects along with cardiovascular and respiratory- related adverse effects. Marijuana shares similar medical uses with the approved cannabis-based medications dronabinol (Marinol), nabiximols (Sativex), and nabilone (Cesamet), but the efficacy of marijuana for these medical uses has not been fully determined due to limited and conflicting literature. Medical marijuana also has similar adverse effects as the FDA-approved cannabis-based medications mainly consisting of CNS related adverse effects but also including cardiovascular and respiratory related adverse effects. Finally, insufficient higher-order evidence to support the widespread use of medical marijuana was found, but a limited amount of moderate-level evidence supports its use in pain and seizure management